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Heat treatment

Plasma is widely used for high-temperature heating of various materials.
The temperature of a plasma jet is much higher than that of a standard gas burner flame, where heat is generated by burning hydrocarbons. Plasma burners are used in the following applications:

• In highly efficient metal heating in continuous casting machine tundishes.
  This approach significantly improves metal quality compared to standard burners.
• In surface cleaning of pipes, rolled metal, and castings from scale, rust, and paint.
  Due to the rapid heating, paint or rust burns off and quickly goes away.
• Surface hardening of metal parts by plasma nitriding.
  Rapid heating in a nitrogen gas environment results in metal surface being saturated with nitrogen, forming metal nitrides with high hardness.
• Plasma torches are used for rapid heating in plasma-chemical reactors for processing waste and obtaining new materials.
  Examples include melting and pelleting of scale, processing of metallurgical slag, and dust from gas cleaning systems.
• Plasma torches are also widely used to create metal powder by melting and spraying, including powders for 3D printers.